The Ax of Arkalohori
Source: el.wikipedia.org
The Ax Witness
The Loser’s Fate
The bronze double ax was found in the cave of Prophet Ilias in Arkalohori, Crete, by Spyridon Marinatos in 1934.
There is no date reference.
The text is a document of the loser’s fate, according to the morals of the time, as well as of the concept of power in the Minoan Era.
We studied the phonetic values in the actual text. We understood it, we read and rendered it into Modern Greek, but we also approached it philosophically.
Figuration of the phonetic values of the text.
In our own approach, the phonetic values are formed as follows:
ΚΑ-ΡΗ-ΝΤΑ-Ι-ΚΟ-ΝΑ-Ι-ΜΑ-ΤΕ-Ι-ΝΤΟ-ΜΑ-ΝΑ-ΚΗ-ΡΑ
The language of the text is Greek, Archaic, typical of any Minoan text of Linear A Script. The grammatical structure of the text is mixed.
One can identify Pontic, Macedonian and Doric words, as well as Classical Greek Language.
The utterance of the words and of the verbal types, follows the grammatical rules of the Pontic and Macedonian Dialects, as well as those of the Classical Greek Language.
Rendition of the text:
ΚΑΡΗ ΝΤΑΙΚΟΝ ΝΑΕΙ ΜΑΤΕΕΙ ΝΤΩΜΑΝ ΝΑΚΗ ΡΑ
The Τext in Modern Greek:
He puts the loser’s head on a stake (the humiliation law) in order to beat it.
(Την κεφαλήν στερεώνει επί της κορυφής πασσάλου (νόμος ατίμωσης της εικόνας του προσώπου)κυλίει αυτήν στην προσπάθεια του να ενεργήσει χτύπημα στο τριχωτό επί της κεφαλής του επιφανούς που σκότωσε νεκρού.)
A Philosophical Approach:
The Ax of Arkalohori was a symbol of power. It was an effective tool for farmers and ship builders, but a lethal weapon in the fighter’s hands.
The opponent’s killing and his subsequent humiliation are not enough (a characteristic of the wild behaviour of that time). The Ax cuts the loser’s head and it exposes it on a stake.
A dreadful scene (a practical and clear power procedure however )
Those who are governed should be careful. The fate of the one who arrogates power, is to be exposed on a stake. “I honour my existence, that is why I fight for what I manage”. Until today, we are trying to understand the roots of “venteta” (greek : βεντέτα, a long-term quarrel).
Not keeping a promise and a cowardly behaviour, always have a price.
Nowadays, people in Crete call this phenomenon venteta (greek : βεντέτα, a long-term quarrel) and Pontic Greeks call it μας (anger about a cowardly behaviour).
It is worth narrating the following story:
Karanos was a mythical king in Upper Macedonia/Ano Macedonia, in the area of Elleimiotida. He conflicts with his neighbours in Eordaia and he wins. The conflict is lethal. While celebrating his victory, his fighters cut 6oo heads of dead people from Eordaia, and put them on the dead people’s lances, which are sunk into the ground. The festivals lasted until late at night, they were drunk and they forgot to remove the heads.
Zeus became angry. Then, he was transformed into a lion rushed on the drunk, and savaged many of them. The king, realizing his fighters’ irreverence, passed a law to forbid the losers’ humiliation in that way, from that night on.
Maybe this custom was brought to Crete by the Dorians, who used to inhabit the island. This ax may have been the weapon the Dorians of Crete used in order to fight, as during that period, they had taken control of Arkalohori.
As a Macedonian, I know this story from the research of the myths of my area.
However, the inscriptions on the ax, witness the existence of this custom in places other than Macedonia.
Τhe American Indians act in the same way, cutting part of the killed person’s head, as a trophy, and decorating their lances with it.
Some researchers consider them as Minoans, and if this is true, then this custom dates back to the era of the myth, as well as in American Indians’ societies .
Maybe the exposition in public of an animal’s head, mainly having horns, is an alternative custom relating to the doctrine: “I and the invaders’ heads manage this place”.